Objective: To observe the intervention effects of anesthesia preconditioning on perioperative respiratory adverse events in children with bronchial hyperresponsiveness undergoing bronchoalveolar lavage. Methods: A total of 82 children undergoing bronchoalveolar lavage with laryngeal mask general anesthesia in pediatric surgery center of Taihe Hospital

Hubei University of Medicine from Jan. 2018 to Jun. 2019 were randomly extracted to be divided into the control group and the experimental group via the random number table

with 41 cases in each group. The control group was given the rapid intravenous induction regimen for pediatric anesthesia (pentoxifylline hydrochloride 0.01 mg/kg

dexamethasone 0.1 mg/kg

desipramine 3 mg/kg

cisatracurium 0.1 mg/kg and fentanyl 4 μg/kg)

and general anesthesia was maintained by placing the laryngeal mask with static inhalation. The experimental group received intravenous lidocaine 1 mg/kg and diprophylline 2 mg/kg before conventional induction regimen. Hemodynamic indicators

airway pressure and incidence of perioperative respiratory adverse events were compared between two groups at different time points. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the heart rate between two groups at different time points (P>0.05)

the difference in mean arterial pressure was statistically significant only when the laryngeal mask was removed (P<0.05)

yet the difference in mean arterial pressure at other time points was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The airway pressure of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of respiratory adverse events such as wheezing

oxygen saturation (SpO2) <90%

intraoperative coughing and breath-holding was 12.2% in the experimental group

significantly lower than 31.7% in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Combined with other airway protection measures

preconditioning with lidocaine and diprophyllin before anesthesia have few effects on perioperative hemodynamic changes in children

which can reduce the intraoperative airway pressure and the incidence of respiratory adverse events

and ensure the safety of children.